Shortness of Breath

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Basics

  • Shortness of breath, or breathlessness, is a feeling of difficulty in breathing or not getting enough air.

Common causes

  • Physical exertion

  • Anxiety or stress

  • Respiratory infections like flu, covid, bronchitis or pneumonia.

  • Environmental favors like high altitude

When it's okay to monitor symptoms

  • Shortness of breath is mild or brief.

When to talk to a doctor

  • Shortness of breath without an obvious cause.

  • Shortness of breath with difficulty doing activities of daily living.

  • Persistent or worsening breathlessness.

When to seek emergency care

  • Difficulty breathing accompanied by chest pain or tightness.

  • Bluish coloration of lips or face or oxygen level <92% (on a pulse oximeter).

  • Shortness of breath after a known allergen exposure (e.g., bee sting, peanuts).

Home remedies and over-the-counter medications

  • Use a fan or open windows for fresh air.

  • Practice deep breathing exercises.

  • Over-the-counter antihistamines may help if shortness of breath is due to allergies or cold medicines if associated with a cold.